We know that if a capacitor is charged from a voltage source through a resistor, an exponential waveform is produced while charging of a capacitor from a constant current source produces a ramp. This is the idea behind the circuit. The circuit of a ramp generator using timer 555 is shown in figure. Here the resistor of previous circuits is replaced by a PNP transistor that produces a constant charging current.
Ramp Generator Circuit
Charging current produced by PNP constant current source is
iC = Vcc-VE / RE
where VE = R2 / (R1 + R2) * VCC + VBE
When a trigger starts the monostable multivibrator timer 555 as shown in figure, the PNP current source forces a constant charging into the capacitor C. The voltage across the capacitor is, therefore, a ramp as illustrated in the figure. The slope of the ramp is given as
Slope, s = I/C
Read more: http://www.circuitstoday.com/category/555-timer-ic#ixzz1ASluDuDw
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